Today there is not much to separate the three nations, though it looked a decade ago that India would be the breakout nation. Inequality haunts all three states and things may not be improving soon
As South Asia’s three large nations approach the 75th anniversary of their independence it is instructive to look at where they stand. The three nations are today all democracies and have been for some time, which makes this an unusual period in our history. Pakistan has been democratic for the last 13 years. Bangladesh has been democratic for the last three decades with a brief period of military intervention in the middle. India of course has been democratic throughout (it is not well-known that the Emergency was constitutional).
Pakistan appears to have put its phases of military rule behind it with the integration of the army into the nation’s higher national security apparatus. Pakistan is also the most fragmented state politically, with a greater share for the opposition in parliament. Bangladesh and India’s ruling parties enjoy total domination.
Bangladesh prime ministers tend to be ruthless with the opposition and the next election, a year from now, will be an indicator of where things are going. Opposition leader Khaleda Zia spent some time in jail as a convict and was unable to contest previous elections. Sheikh Hasina has been in charge for the last dozen years.
Under her, Bangladesh has outperformed both India and Pakistan economically. Its recent overtaking of India...
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