What are electric vehicle batteries and how do they work? - ETAuto.com

By Syed Shazil Hussain

New Delhi: The world is moving towards electric vehicles and they will be the main driver of future mobility. Now that we all are very well aware of this fact, let us understand what the heart of an EV really likes.

A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electric energy by means of an electrochemical reaction. An electrochemical reaction involves the transfer of electrons from one material to another in an electronic circuit.

1. What types of batteries are being used in EVs?
   Electric vehicles are powered by battery electric power. Different types of batteries are available in the market. They include: Lithium-Ion batteries, Solid state batteries; Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries, Lead-Acid Batteries, and Ultracapacitors. However, Lithium-ion batteries are the most efficient and preferred.
2. What is a lithium-Ion battery?
   Lithium-ion batteries are currently used in most electric vehicles because of their high energy per unit mass relative to other electrical energy storage systems. They also have a high power-to-weight ratio, high energy efficiency, good high-temperature performance, and low self-discharge. Most components of lithium-ion batteries can be recycled.Most of today's EVs use lithium-ion batteries, though the exact chemistry often varies from that of consumer electronics batteries. Research and development are ongoing to reduce their relatively high cost, extend their useful life, and address safety concerns in regard to...

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