If consequences of a hybrid warfare had any real life manifestation, it is the present-day Pakistan with acute political discord, crippling economic crisis and simmering but debilitating (in)security challenges. It stands out as the living example of a notion (hybrid warfare) that its military establishment has been touting as the major cause of the country’s negative outlook abroad and internal politico-economic instability. The ‘unity’ government, led by PM Shehbaz Sharif, is at best fledgling because of the intrinsic deep enmity between PPP and PML-N. Forex reserves have alarmingly depleted from $17b six weeks ago to under $10b. The current account deficit is expected to be over $16b. Power and gas circular debt is hovering over Rs3,000b.
Even more alarming is the looming expected outflow of at least $5b by end of June. Net repayment due in 2023 and 2024 is estimated to be over $10b. Ex-FBR chairman Shabbar Zaidi sees no chance to avoid default “if there is no substantive inflows or rollover”.
Let’s first understand what is hybrid warfare? A report by Carnegie Europe by OVANA MAROVIĆ says hybrid warfare includes a variety of activities and covers the use of different instruments to destabilise a society by influencing its decisionmaking. Frequent instruments include: interference in electoral processes; disinformation and false news; cyberattacks; drone attacks; and financial influence.
Another report in Nato Review by Arsalan Bilal says conflicts are (now) fought in...
Read Full Story: https://tribune.com.pk/story/2357002/pakistan-under-shadows-of-hybrid-warfare
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